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'''웨스트민스터 憲章'''({{llang|en|Statute of Westminster}})은 [[大英帝國]]과 [[英國自治領|自治領]]間의 關係를 規定하는 1931年 法律이었습니다. | '''웨스트민스터 憲章'''({{llang|en|Statute of Westminster}})은 [[大英帝國]]과 [[英國自治領|自治領]]間의 關係를 規定하는 1931年 法律이었습니다. | ||
[[第一次世界大戰]] 동안 自治領國家들은 軍事協力을 통해 國土에 對한 地位를 向上시켰고, 그들의 關係는 [[植民地]]從屬關係에서 同等한 立場에서 聯合하는 聯邦體制로 發展했습니다. 이러한 變化를 反映하여 [[帝國會議]]는 1926年 [[밸푸어 | [[第一次世界大戰]] 동안 自治領國家들은 軍事協力을 통해 國土에 對한 地位를 向上시켰고, 그들의 關係는 [[植民地]]從屬關係에서 同等한 立場에서 聯合하는 聯邦體制로 發展했습니다. 이러한 變化를 反映하여 [[帝國會議]]는 1926年 [[밸푸어 宣言]]를 採擇하여 國土와 自治領을 '''"<big>王室</big>에<big>對</big>한<big>共通</big>의<big>忠誠</big>으로<big>自由</big>롭게<big>團結</big>된<big>同等</big>한<big>地位</big>의<big>自治社會</big>"'''로 定義하고, 1930年에는 自治領[[總督]]을 象徵的인 人物로 만드는 決議案을 통과시켰습니다. | ||
그 後 31年 동안 [[英國議會]]가 制定한 웨스트민스터 憲章은 [[英聯邦]]의 基礎를 確立했습니다. 그 結果, 自治領地域([[캐나다]], [[濠洲]], [[뉴질랜드]], [[南阿聯邦]], [[愛蘭自由國]], [[뉴펀들랜드自治領|뉴펀들랜드]])은 自國議會에 對한 完全한 自治立法權을 獲得했다. | 그 後 31年 동안 [[英國議會]]가 制定한 웨스트민스터 憲章은 [[英聯邦]]의 基礎를 確立했습니다. 그 結果, 自治領地域([[캐나다]], [[濠洲]], [[뉴질랜드]], [[南阿聯邦]], [[愛蘭自由國]], [[뉴펀들랜드自治領|뉴펀들랜드]])은 自國議會에 對한 完全한 自治立法權을 獲得했다. | ||
2024年10月30日（水）15時36分 基準 最新版
웨스트민스터
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原文 [編輯]
Preamble
Whereas the delegates of His Majesty’s Governments in the United Kingdom, the Dominion of Canada, the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, the Irish Free State and Newfoundland, at Imperial Conferences holden at Westminster in the years of our Lord nineteen hundred and twenty-six and nineteen hundred and thirty did concur in making the declarations and resolutions set forth in the Reports of the said Conferences:And whereas it is meet and proper to set out by way of preamble to this Act that, inasmuch as the Crown is the symbol of the free association of the members of the British Commonwealth of Nations, and as they are united by a common allegiance to the Crown, it would be in accord with the established constitutional position of all the members of the Commonwealth in relation to one another that any alteration in the law touching the Succession to the Throne or the Royal Style and Titles shall hereafter require the assent as well of the Parliaments of all the Dominions as of the Parliament of the United Kingdom:
And whereas it is in accord with the established constitutional position that no law hereafter made by the Parliament of the United Kingdom shall extend to any of the said Dominions as part of the law of that Dominion otherwise than at the request and with the consent of that Dominion:
And whereas it is necessary for the ratifying, confirming and establishing of certain of the said declarations and resolutions of the said Conferences that a law be made and enacted in due form by authority of the Parliament of the United Kingdom:
And whereas the Dominion of Canada, the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, the Irish Free State and Newfoundland have severally requested and consented to the submission of a measure to the Parliament of the United Kingdom for making such provision with regard to the matters aforesaid as is hereafter in this Act contained: Now, therefore, be it enacted by the King's most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:―
Main Rule
1. Meaning of "Dominion" in this Act
In this Act the expression “Dominion” means any of the following Dominions, that is to say, the Dominion of Canada, the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, the Irish Free State and Newfoundland.2. Validity of laws made by Parliament of a Dominion
- The [28 & 29 Vict. c. 63.] Colonial Laws Validity Act, 1865, shall not apply to any law made after the commencement of this Act by the Parliament of a Dominion.
- No law and no provision of any law made after the commencement of this Act by the Parliament of a Dominion shall be void or inoperative on the ground that it is repugnant to the law of England, or to the provisions of any existing or future Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, or to any order, rule or regulation made under any such Act, and the powers of the Parliament of a Dominion shall include the power to repeal or amend any such Act, order, rule or regulation in so far as the same is part of the law of the Dominion.
飜譯 [編輯]
全文
聯合 王國 ,加 奈 陀 自治領 ,濠洲 聯邦 ,新西蘭 自治領 ,南阿聯邦 ,愛蘭 自由國 , 뉴펀들랜드의政府 代表團 은 1926年 과 1930年 웨스트민스터에서開催 된帝國會議 에서 그會議錄 에揭載 된宣言 과決議案 의採擇 에同意 하였고:
大君 主 陛下 께서는英聯邦 會員國 들의自由 로운結社 의象徵 이고 이들國家 는大君 主 陛下 께對 한單一 한忠誠 으로團結 되어 있으므로王位 의承繼 나 그敬稱 에關 한法律 을改正 하는 데에는聯合 王國 議會 와 모든自治領 의議會 로부터同意 를 얻어야 한다는 것이 이들英聯邦 會員國 의確立 된憲法的 慣習 에符合 함을 이法 全文 에宣言 하는 것이適切 하고合當 하며:
聯合 王國 議會 가制定 한 어떠한法律 이라도 그自治領 의要求 와同意 가 있는境遇 를除外 하고는 다른自治領 에까지適用 될 수 없다는 것이 그確立 된憲法的 慣習 이고:그
會議 의特定 宣言 과決意 를批准 하고確定 하고確立 하기 위하여는聯合 王國 議會 의權限 으로適當 한形式 의法律 을制定 하여야 하며:
聯合 王國 ,加 奈 陀 自治領 ,濠洲 聯邦 ,新西蘭 自治領 ,南阿聯邦 ,愛蘭 自由國 , 뉴펀들랜드는各各 앞선問題 들에關 하여 이法 各 規定 들로包含 되는內容 에對 한法律案 을聯合 王國 議會 에提出 하여 줄 것을要求 하고同意 하였으므로:이에
國王 陛下 의 지극하신威嚴 으로 이議會 에集會 한聖 俗 의貴族 과庶民 의奏上 과同意 그리고 그權限 에 따라 다음과 같은法律 을制定 한다:―
本則
第一 條 “自治領 ”의定義
이法 에서 “自治領 ”이란加 奈 陀 自治領 ,濠洲 聯邦 ,新西蘭 自治領 ,南阿聯邦 ,愛蘭 自由國 와 뉴펀들랜드中 어느 하나의自治領 을 말한다.
第二 條 自治領 議會 帝政 法律 의效力
- [빅토리아 28-29
年 法律 第 64號 ] 1865年 「自治領 法律 效力 法 」은 이法 施行 以後 自治領 議會 가制定 하는 어떠한法律 에도適用 하지 아니한다.- 이
法 施行 以後 自治領 議會 가制定 하는 어떠한法律 또는法律 의規定 도 잉글랜드法律 또는聯合 王國 議會 가制定 하는法律 이나 그法律 에 따라發令 되는法規命令 의違反 을理由 로無效 가 되거나 불成立 되지 아니한다.自治領 議會 는 그自治領 의法律 로包含 된部分 에 한하여傳單 의法律 이나法規命令 을廢止 하거나改正 할權限 을 가진다.